diff --git a/lex3.py b/lex3.py
index 907ea1b..5d7c7bd 100755
--- a/lex3.py
+++ b/lex3.py
@@ -116,26 +116,27 @@ class RegionRule(Rule):
         self.grammar  = grammar
         self.end      = end
         self.start_re = re.compile(start, self.reflags)
-
     def resume(self, lexer, toresume):
-        assert toresume, "can't resume without tokens to resume!"
-        self._lex(lexer, None, None, toresume)
-        return True
+        if not toresume:
+            raise Exception, "can't resume without tokens to resume!"
+        for t in self._lex(lexer, None, None, toresume):
+            yield t
+        raise StopIteration
     def match(self, lexer, parent):
         return self.start_re.match(self.get_line(lexer), lexer.x)
     def lex(self, lexer, parent, m):
-        self._lex(lexer, parent, m, [])
-
-    def _add_from_regex(self, name, lexer, parent, m, matchd={}):
-        s = m.group(0)
-        token = self.make_token(lexer, s, name, parent, matchd)
-        lexer.add_token(token)
-        lexer.x += len(s)
-        return token
+        for t in self._lex(lexer, parent, m, []):
+            yield t
+        raise StopIteration
 
     def _lex(self, lexer, parent, m, toresume=[]):
+        # this determines whether we are still reentering. if len(toresume) == 1
+        # then it means that we have been reentering but will not continue, so
+        # reenter will be false.
+        reenter = len(toresume) > 1
+
         # we either need a match object, or a token to resume
-        assert m or len(toresume) > 0
+        assert m or reenter, "we need a current match, or a previous match"
 
         if m:
             # if we had a match, then it becomes the parent, and we save its
@@ -148,12 +149,11 @@ class RegionRule(Rule):
             parent = toresume[0]
             d = parent.matchd
             assert parent.name == 'start'
-        null_t = None
 
-        # this determines whether we are still reentering. if len(toresume) == 1
-        # then it means that we have been reentering but will not continue, so
-        # reenter will be false.
-        reenter = len(toresume) > 1
+        # this token, when set, will store unmatched characters which will be
+        # combined into a single "null" token when the end of the document, or
+        # a named-token, is reached.
+        null_t = None
 
         # if we have an end regex, then build it here. notice that it can
         # reference named groups from the start token. if we have no end,
@@ -166,22 +166,24 @@ class RegionRule(Rule):
         done = False
         while not done and lexer.y < len(lexer.lines):
             old_y = lexer.y
+            line = self.get_line(lexer)
 
             # ok, as long as we haven't found the end token, and have more
             # data on the current line to read, we will process tokens
-            while not done and lexer.y == old_y and lexer.x < len(lexer.lines[lexer.y]) + 1:
-                # if we are reentering mid-parse, then that takes precedence
+            while not done and lexer.y == old_y and lexer.x < len(line):
+                # if we are reentering mid-parse, then that takes precedence.
+                # afterwards, we need to clean-up and get our new state in order
                 if reenter:
                     reenter = False
                     for t in toresume[1].rule.resume(lexer, toresume[1:]):
                         yield t
                 if lexer.y >= len(lexer.lines):
                     raise StopIteration
-                elif lexer.x >= len(lexer.lines[lexer.y]) + 1:
+                elif lexer.x >= len(line):
                     lexer.y += 1
                     lexer.x = 0
-
                 line = self.get_line(lexer)
+
                 # if we are looking for an end token, then see if we've
                 # found it. if so, then we are done!
                 if self.end:
@@ -194,8 +196,8 @@ class RegionRule(Rule):
                         done = True
                         break
 
-                # ok, we need to check all our rules now, in order. if we
-                # find a token, note that we found one and exit the loop
+                # ok, we need to check all our rules now, in order. if we find a
+                # token, note that we found one and exit the loop
                 found = False
                 for rule in self.grammar.rules:
                     m = rule.match(lexer, parent)
@@ -205,7 +207,7 @@ class RegionRule(Rule):
                             null_t = None
                         for t in rule.lex(lexer, parent, m):
                             yield t
-                        found  = True
+                        found = True
                         break
 
                 # if we never found a token, then we need to add another
@@ -233,7 +235,6 @@ class RegionRule(Rule):
                 lexer.x = 0
 
         raise StopIteration
-
 class NocaseRegionRule(RegionRule):
     reflags = re.IGNORECASE
 
@@ -426,10 +427,18 @@ class DualRegionRule(Rule):
 
         # alright, we're finally done processing; return true
         return t3
+class NocaseDualRegionRule(DualRegionRule):
+    def _compile_start(self):
+        return re.compile(self.start, re.IGNORECASE)
+    def _compile_middle(self, d):
+        return re.compile(self.middle % d, re.IGNORECASE)
+    def _compile_end(self, d):
+        return re.compile(self.end % d, re.IGNORECASE)
 
 class Grammar:
     rules = []
     def __init__(self):
+        # XYZ maybe this is unnecessary
         for rule in self.rules:
             if hasattr(rule, 'grammar') and rule.grammar is None:
                 rule.grammar = self
@@ -473,7 +482,11 @@ class Lexer:
                 i += 1
 
         if toresume:
-            toresume[0].rule.resume(self, toresume)
+            for t in toresume[0].rule.resume(self, toresume):
+                yield t
+        for t in self._lex():
+            yield t
+        raise StopIteration
 
     def __iter__(self):
         if self.lines is None:
@@ -504,11 +517,3 @@ class Lexer:
             return self.tokens.pop(0)
         else:
             raise StopIteration
-
-class NocaseDualRegionRule(DualRegionRule):
-    def _compile_start(self):
-        return re.compile(self.start, re.IGNORECASE)
-    def _compile_middle(self, d):
-        return re.compile(self.middle % d, re.IGNORECASE)
-    def _compile_end(self, d):
-        return re.compile(self.end % d, re.IGNORECASE)