diff --git a/projects/examples/blank.tal b/projects/examples/blank.tal
index 3e4f6ae..dae1ab3 100644
--- a/projects/examples/blank.tal
+++ b/projects/examples/blank.tal
@@ -1,30 +1,5 @@
 ( a blank file )
 
-%+  { ADD }  %-  { SUB }  %*  { MUL }  %/  { DIV }
-%<  { LTH }  %>  { GTH }  %=  { EQU }  %!  { NEQ }
-%++ { ADD2 } %-- { SUB2 } %** { MUL2 } %// { DIV2 }
-%<< { LTH2 } %>> { GTH2 } %== { EQU2 } %!! { NEQ2 }
-
-%2*  { #10 SFT } %2/  { #01 SFT } %2**  { #10 SFT2 } %2//  { #01 SFT2 }
-%4*  { #20 SFT } %4/  { #02 SFT } %4**  { #20 SFT2 } %4//  { #02 SFT2 }
-%8*  { #30 SFT } %8/  { #03 SFT } %8**  { #30 SFT2 } %8//  { #03 SFT2 }
-%10* { #40 SFT } %10/ { #04 SFT } %10** { #40 SFT2 } %10// { #04 SFT2 }
-%20* { #50 SFT } %20/ { #05 SFT } %20** { #50 SFT2 } %20// { #05 SFT2 }
-
-%2MOD  { #01 AND } %2MOD2  { #0001 AND2 }
-%4MOD  { #03 AND } %4MOD2  { #0003 AND2 }
-%8MOD  { #07 AND } %8MOD2  { #0007 AND2 }
-%10MOD { #0f AND } %10MOD2 { #000f AND2 }
-
-%HALT   { #010f DEO }
-%EMIT   { #18 DEO }
-%DEBUG  { ;print/byte JSR2 #0a EMIT }
-%DEBUG2 { ;print/short JSR2 #0a EMIT }
-
-%RTN        { JMP2r }
-
-( devices )
-
 |00 @System     &vector $2 &wst      $1 &rst    $1 &eaddr  $2 &ecode  $1 &pad     $1 &r       $2 &g      $2 &b     $2 &debug  $1 &halt $1
 |10 @Console    &vector $2 &read     $1 &pad    $5 &write  $1 &error  $1
 |20 @Screen     &vector $2 &width    $2 &height $2 &auto   $1 &pad    $1 &x       $2 &y       $2 &addr   $2 &pixel $1 &sprite $1
@@ -55,27 +30,17 @@ BRK
 
 @print ( short* -- )
 
-	&short ( short* -- ) SWP ,&byte JSR
+	SWP ,&byte JSR
 	&byte ( byte -- ) DUP #04 SFT ,&char JSR
-	&char ( char -- ) #0f AND DUP #09 GTH #27 MUL ADD #30 ADD EMIT
+	&char ( char -- ) #0f AND DUP #09 GTH #27 MUL ADD #30 ADD #18 DEO
 
-RTN
+JMP2r
 
-@print-dec ( value* -- )
+@print-str ( str* -- )
 
-	#2710 DIV2k DUP #30 ADD #18 DEO MUL2 SUB2
-	#03e8 DIV2k DUP #30 ADD #18 DEO MUL2 SUB2
-	#0064 DIV2k DUP #30 ADD #18 DEO MUL2 SUB2
-	#000a DIV2k DUP #30 ADD #18 DEO MUL2 SUB2
-	#30 ADD #18 DEO POP
-
-RTN
-
-@print-str ( string* -- )
-
-	#0001 --
 	&while
-		INC2 LDAk DUP #18 DEO ,&while JCN 
+		LDAk #18 DEO
+		INC2 LDAk ,&while JCN
 	POP2
 
-RTN
\ No newline at end of file
+JMP2r
diff --git a/projects/examples/demos/bunnymark.tal b/projects/examples/demos/bunnymark.tal
index 8744d81..9d5af64 100644
--- a/projects/examples/demos/bunnymark.tal
+++ b/projects/examples/demos/bunnymark.tal
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 	( draw "FPS:" and "BUNNIES:" and instructions labels )
 	.Screen/width DEI2 #0046 SUB2 #0008 ;text/fps #42 ;draw-str JSR2
 	#0004 #0008 ;text/bunnies #42 ;draw-str JSR2
-	.Screen/width DEI2 #0002 DIV2 #0050 SUB2 #0008 ;text/instructions #43 ;draw-str JSR2
+	.Screen/width DEI2 #01 SFT2 #0050 SUB2 #0008 ;text/instructions #43 ;draw-str JSR2
 	#0028 #0008 #0000 ;draw-dec JSR2
 
 	( seed prng )
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ BRK
 
 @on-frame ( -> )
 
-
 	( frames++ ) 
 	.frames LDZ2k INC2 ROT STZ2
 	.Date/second DEI .last LDZ EQU ,&post-fps-update JCN
@@ -75,12 +74,12 @@ BRK
 	( clear the old sprite location )
 		( top )
 	[ LDA2k ] #05 SFT2 .Screen/x DEO2
-	[ DUP2 #0002 ADD2 LDA2 ] #05 SFT2 .Screen/y DEO2
+	[ INC2k INC2 LDA2 ] #05 SFT2 .Screen/y DEO2
 	#00 ;draw-sprite JSR2
 
 	( move the sprite by its velocity )
 	[ LDA2k ] [ OVR2 #0004 ADD2 LDA2 ] ADD2 OVR2 STA2
-	[ DUP2 #0002 ADD2 LDA2 ] [ OVR2 #0006 ADD2 LDA2 ] ADD2 OVR2 #0002 ADD2 STA2
+	[ INC2k INC2 LDA2 ] [ OVR2 #0006 ADD2 LDA2 ] ADD2 OVR2 INC2 INC2 STA2
 
 	( check for right wall collision + bounce x )
 	[ DUP2 #0004 ADD2 LDA2 ] #0f SFT2 #0001 EQU2 ,&skip-max-x JCN
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ BRK
 	&skip-max-x
 	( check for bottom wall collision + bounce y )
 	[ DUP2 #0006 ADD2 LDA2 ] #0f SFT2 #0001 EQU2 ,&skip-max-y JCN
-	[ DUP2 #0002 ADD2 LDA2 ] #05 SFT2 #0008 ADD2 [ .Screen/height DEI2 ] LTH2 ,&skip-max-y JCN
+	[ INC2k INC2 LDA2 ] #05 SFT2 #0008 ADD2 [ .Screen/height DEI2 ] LTH2 ,&skip-max-y JCN
 	[ DUP2 #0006 ADD2 LDA2 ] #ffff MUL2 [ OVR2 #0006 ADD2 STA2 ]
 	&skip-max-y
 	( check for left wall collision + bounce x )
@@ -97,17 +96,17 @@ BRK
 	[ DUP2 #0004 ADD2 LDA2 ] #ffff MUL2 [ OVR2 #0004 ADD2 STA2 ]
 	&skip-min-x
 	( check for top wall collision + bounce x )
-	[ DUP2 #0002 ADD2 LDA2 ] #0f SFT2 #0000 EQU2 ,&skip-min-y JCN
+	[ INC2k INC2 LDA2 ] #0f SFT2 #0000 EQU2 ,&skip-min-y JCN
 	[ DUP2 #0006 ADD2 LDA2 ] #ffff MUL2 [ OVR2 #0006 ADD2 STA2 ]
 	&skip-min-y
 
-	( ( apply gravity ) )
+	( apply gravity )
 	[ DUP2 #0006 ADD2 LDA2 ] #0004 ADD2 OVR2 #0006 ADD2 STA2
 
 	( draw the sprite )
 	( top )
 	[ LDA2k ] #05 SFT2 .Screen/x DEO2
-	[ #0002 ADD2 LDA2 ] #05 SFT2 .Screen/y DEO2
+	[ INC2 INC2 LDA2 ] #05 SFT2 .Screen/y DEO2
 	#85 ,draw-sprite JSR
 
 JMP2r
@@ -130,7 +129,7 @@ JMP2r
 	DUP2 #30 SFT2 ;sprite/array ADD2
 	( populate the new bunny's x/y/xvel/yvel with random values )
 	#00 [ ;rand JSR2 ] OVR2 STA2
-	[ ;rand JSR2 #1f AND ] [ ;rand JSR2 ] OVR2 #0002 ADD2 STA2
+	[ ;rand JSR2 #1f AND ] [ ;rand JSR2 ] OVR2 INC2 INC2 STA2
 	#00 [ ;rand JSR2 #7f AND ] OVR2 #0004 ADD2 STA2
 	#00 [ ;rand JSR2 #7f AND ] OVR2 #0006 ADD2 STA2
 	( pop ptr to bunny data ) POP2
@@ -186,7 +185,7 @@ JMP2r
 	DUP2 #0001 SUB2 #30 SFT2 ;sprite/array ADD2
 	( top )
 	[ LDA2k ] #05 SFT2 .Screen/x DEO2
-	[ DUP2 #0002 ADD2 LDA2 ] #05 SFT2 .Screen/y DEO2
+	[ INC2k INC2 LDA2 ] #05 SFT2 .Screen/y DEO2
 	( clear )
 	#00 ;draw-sprite JSR2
 	POP2
diff --git a/projects/examples/demos/drool.tal b/projects/examples/demos/drool.tal
index 3ffae67..976f95a 100644
--- a/projects/examples/demos/drool.tal
+++ b/projects/examples/demos/drool.tal
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
 	DUP2 #00 ,set-occupied JSR
 	;&possible-moves ( x y possible* / addr* )
 	OVR2 #01   SUB  ,&check-move JSR ( up )
-	OVR2 #01   ADD  ,&check-move JSR ( down )
+	OVR2 INC   INC  ,&check-move JSR ( down )
 	OVR2 #0100 SUB2 ,&check-move JSR ( left )
 	OVR2 #0100 ADD2 ,&check-move JSR ( right )
 	;&possible-moves SUB2 ( x y num-possible-times-2* / addr* )
diff --git a/projects/examples/demos/life.tal b/projects/examples/demos/life.tal
index ec1f09d..60c418c 100644
--- a/projects/examples/demos/life.tal
+++ b/projects/examples/demos/life.tal
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ JMP2r
 
 @run-cell ( x y -- )
 
-	( x y ) DUP2
-	( neighbours ) DUP2 ;get-neighbours JSR2
+	( x y ) DUP2k
+	( neighbours ) ;get-neighbours JSR2
 	( state ) ROT ROT ;get-cell JSR2
 	#00 EQU ,&dead JCN
 		DUP #02 LTH ,&dies JCN
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ JMP2r
 @within-rect ( x* y* rect -- flag )
 	
 	STH
-	( y < rect.y1 ) DUP2 STHkr #02 ADD LDZ2 LTH2 ,&skip JCN
+	( y < rect.y1 ) DUP2 STHkr INC INC LDZ2 LTH2 ,&skip JCN
 	( y > rect.y2 ) DUP2 STHkr #06 ADD LDZ2 GTH2 ,&skip JCN
 	SWP2
 	( x < rect.x1 ) DUP2 STHkr LDZ2 LTH2 ,&skip JCN
diff --git a/projects/examples/demos/logic.tal b/projects/examples/demos/logic.tal
index c9ab660..c5a6192 100644
--- a/projects/examples/demos/logic.tal
+++ b/projects/examples/demos/logic.tal
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-( a blank file )
+( logic )
 
 %+  { ADD } %-   { SUB }              %/   { DIV }  
 %<  { LTH } %>   { GTH }  %=  { EQU } %!   { NEQ } 
diff --git a/projects/examples/demos/piano.tal b/projects/examples/demos/piano.tal
index 9ab48c5..2ad8be6 100644
--- a/projects/examples/demos/piano.tal
+++ b/projects/examples/demos/piano.tal
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ JMP2r
 @within-rect ( x* y* rect -- flag )
 	
 	STH
-	( y < rect.y1 ) DUP2 STHkr #02 ADD LDZ2 LTH2 ,&skip JCN
+	( y < rect.y1 ) DUP2 STHkr INC INC LDZ2 LTH2 ,&skip JCN
 	( y > rect.y2 ) DUP2 STHkr #06 ADD LDZ2 GTH2 ,&skip JCN
 	SWP2
 	( x < rect.x1 ) DUP2 STHkr LDZ2 LTH2 ,&skip JCN