204 lines
7.0 KiB
Plaintext
204 lines
7.0 KiB
Plaintext
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Building XZ Utils on Windows using MinGW-w64 and CMake
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======================================================
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1. Introduction
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1.1. Licensing considerations
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2. MSVCRT or UCRT
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3. CMake
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4. MinGW-w64 toolchains
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4.1. MinGW-w64 with GCC
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4.2. MinGW-w64 with Clang/LLVM
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5. Building XZ Utils
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5.1. Advanced build options
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6. Creating an import library for MSVC / Visual Studio
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1. Introduction
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---------------
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This document explains how to build XZ Utils using MinGW-w64,
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GCC or Clang/LLVM, CMake, and GNU make (mingw32-make) natively
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on Windows. The resulting XZ Utils library and executable files
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will only depend on DLLs that are included in Windows.
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The build tools can be extracted into separate directories and used
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directly from there and deleted when no longer needed. There are no
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installers to run for these and no configuration needed.
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These instructions don't apply to Cygwin. XZ Utils can be built
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under Cygwin in the same way as many other packages.
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1.1. Licensing considerations
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Parts of MinGW-w64 runtime are statically linked into the binaries
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being built. The file COPYING.MinGW-w64-runtime.txt in MinGW-w64
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contains the license notices that apply to some parts of the
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runtime. The notices must be distributed alongside the binaries
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that have been built with MinGW-w64.
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MinGW-w64 includes getopt_long(). The GNU getopt_long() (LGPLv2.1)
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included in XZ Utils isn't used when building with MinGW-w64.
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The code from XZ Utils that ends up liblzma.dll and the *.exe files
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is under the BSD Zero Clause License (0BSD) which doesn't require
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any copyright or license notices to be included when distributing
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the binaries. See the file COPYING in the parent directory.
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2. MSVCRT or UCRT
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-----------------
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Both GCC and Clang/LLVM based MinGW-w64 toolchains come in MSVCRT
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and Universal C runtime (UCRT) variants. MSVCRT is the old one.
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32-bit builds of XZ Utils with MSVCRT should run on Windows 2000
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and later (even Windows 95 should still be possible with trivial
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edits to the source code).
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UCRT is included in Windows 10, and it's possible to install UCRT
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on Windows XP and later. UCRT might be the preferred choice if
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out-of-the-box compatibility with Windows versions older than 10
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is not required. Visual Studio 2015 and later produce binaries
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that use UCRT.
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If you want to build liblzma.dll for use with your application,
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it's recommended to use the same CRT for all components. If this
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isn't possible, see the file liblzma-crt-mixing.txt.
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If you only need the command line tools, the choice of CRT isn't
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important, at least for now.
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3. CMake
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--------
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CMake is used for selecting build options and generating makefiles.
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It can also be used to extract archives, including .tar.xz and .7z.
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Download a CMake binary package (.zip) from its homepage:
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https://cmake.org/download/
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Extract it to, for example, C:\devel\cmake so that the executables
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end up in C:\devel\cmake\bin. Avoid spaces and other special
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characters in the path.
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4. MinGW-w64 toolchains
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-----------------------
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There are a few choices of prebuilt toolchains listed on
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the MinGW-w64 homepage:
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https://www.mingw-w64.org/downloads/
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These instructions list one GCC-based version and one
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Clang/LLVM-based version. Both include mingw32-make too.
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4.1. MinGW-w64 with GCC
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For GCC, download appropriate packages from Mingw-builds depending
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on if you want to build 32-bit or 64-bit x86 version of XZ Utils
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and if the XZ Utils binaries should link against MSVCRT or UCRT:
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https://github.com/niXman/mingw-builds-binaries/releases
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i686-*-release-win32-*-msvcrt-*.7z 32-bit, uses MSVCRT (old)
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i686-*-release-win32-*-ucrt-*.7z 32-bit, uses UCRT (new)
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x86_64-*-release-win32-*-msvcrt-*.7z 64-bit, uses MSVCRT (old)
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x86_64-*-release-win32-*-ucrt-*.7z 64-bit, uses UCRT (new)
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Extract it, for example, to C:\devel so that the executables are
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in C:\devel\mingw32\bin or C:\devel\mingw64\bin. To extract,
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you can install 7-Zip from <https://7-zip.org/> or use CMake
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on the command line:
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set PATH=C:\devel\cmake\bin;%PATH%
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c:
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cd \devel
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cmake -E tar xf x86_64-13.1.0-release-win32-seh-ucrt-rt_v11-rev1.7z
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Then skip to the section "Building XZ Utils".
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4.2. MinGW-w64 with Clang/LLVM
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For Clang/LLVM, download an appropriate package from LLVM-MinGW:
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https://github.com/mstorsjo/llvm-mingw/releases
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llvm-mingw-*-msvcrt-i686.zip 32-bit, uses MSVCRT (old)
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llvm-mingw-*-ucrt-i686.zip 32-bit, uses UCRT (new)
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llvm-mingw-*-msvcrt-x86_64.zip 64-bit, uses MSVCRT (old)
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llvm-mingw-*-ucrt-x86_64.zip 64-bit, uses UCRT (new)
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Extract it, for example, to C:\devel so that the executables end up
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in a directory like C:\devel\llvm-mingw-20230919-ucrt-x86_64\bin.
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5. Building XZ Utils
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--------------------
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For a simple builds, you can use the included build-with-cmake.bat
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which takes these arguments:
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%1 = Path to CMake's bin directory. Example:
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c:\devel\cmake\bin
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%2 = Path to MinGW-w64's bin directory. Example:
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c:\devel\mingw64\bin
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%3 = ON or OFF: Set to ON to build liblzma.dll or OFF for
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static liblzma.a. With OFF, the *.exe files won't
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depend on liblzma.dll.
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Example:
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build-with-cmake C:\devel\cmake\bin C:\devel\mingw64\bin ON
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If successful, the "build" directory should then contain:
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liblzma.dll liblzma compression library
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liblzma.def DEF file for creating an import library
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xz.exe xz command line tool
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xzdec.exe Decompression-only tool (smaller than xz.exe)
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lzmadec.exe Decompression-only tool for legacy .lzma files
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lzmainfo.exe Shows header info of legacy .lzma files
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Ignore the other files. :-)
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5.1. Advanced build options
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For 32-bit x86 builds, adding -msse2 to CFLAGS improves
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compression speed a little (but not decompression speed).
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There is no runtime detection for SSE2 support. It is
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recommended to use 64-bit version when possible.
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It's possible to omit features from the build to reduce code size.
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There are several CMake configuration options available. One may
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change from CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release to =MinSizeRel as well but
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it makes the code slower.
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If building for multiple targets, keep only one toolchain in PATH
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at a time.
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6. Creating an import library for MSVC / Visual Studio
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------------------------------------------------------
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To link against liblzma.dll, you need to create an import library
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first. You need the "lib" command from MSVC and liblzma.def. Here
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is the command that works on 32-bit x86:
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lib /def:liblzma.def /out:liblzma.lib /machine:ix86
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On x86-64, the /machine argument has to be changed:
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lib /def:liblzma.def /out:liblzma.lib /machine:x64
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IMPORTANT: See also the file liblzma-crt-mixing.txt.
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